Follow-up pressure fluid servomotor



MOTOR April l, 1947. A. G. LARsoN vFOLLOW-UP PRESSURE FLUID SERVO Filed Deo. 31, v 2 SheetsShee'b' 1 Sr 3 t5? iB I mm 5 SL mm ma@ @m @N Of :2m

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ATTORNEY FOLLOW-UP PRESSURE FLUID SERVO-MOTOR Filedv Dec. 51', 1942 2 vsheets-sheet 2 Figi y lNvENToR Arf/mr 6i [arson 125 BY 101 144 145 fl- 105 104 127 128 ATTORNEY Patentec Apr. 1, `1947V FOLLOW-UP PRESSURE FLUID SERVOMOTOR Arthur G. Larson, Forest Hills, Pa., assigner to rihe Westinghouse Air Brake Company, Wilmerding, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application December 31, 1942, Serial No. 470,803

(Cl. 121--41l 6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to control apparatus and more particularly to the type embodying a fluid controlled motor device.

In the copending application of Roy R. Stevens. Serial No. 463,792, filed October 29l 1942, issued asA Patent No. 2,383,278 on August 21, 1945, there is disclosed a control apparatus comprising a iiuid motor embodying a power piston which is operable upon establishing a differential between fluid pressures acting on opposite sides to move a device to be controlled. The operating differential is destroyed upon the device obtaining the desired position for stopping movement of the piston. A valve arrangement is provided for controlling the opposing fluidpressures on the power piston. A pilot piston connected to the valve arrangement is operable by fluid pressure Ato different positions, corresponding to the desired positioning of the power piston, to actuate the valve arrangement to establish the differentials influid pressures on the power piston for moving the same. The valve arrangement is also connected to the power piston which operates upon obtaining the position corresponding to that of the pilot piston for destroying the differential in pressures on the power piston to stop movement thereof. A spring arrangementis provided in the casing containing the pilot piston for direct cooperation therewith to define different positions of the pilot piston corresponding to positions of the device being controlled to which the power piston is connected. By thus defining the positions of the pilot piston and providing arrangements for moving the power piston to correspending positions to effect like positioning of the device being controlled, accurate positioning of said device in accordance with the positioning of the pilot piston is obtained.

However, in this structure the pilot piston is not as sensitive to slight changes in the controlling pressure thereon as desired and as a resuit the power piston cannot be as accurately positioned as desired. This is due partly to the relatively small size of the pilot piston and partly due tothe fact that said piston is of the type provided with flexible packing cups having sliding contact with the wall of a cylinder bore. rIy'hus friction and variations thereof between the packing cups and the wall of the bore interferes with the desired sensitivity and the exactness of positioning of the pilot piston in response to a slight change in the pressure of the actuating fluid.

Flexible diaphragms are not affected by sliding friction like packing cups, .as well known. Diaphragms could not however be'employed in place of the pilot piston structure above described since the required movement of the pilot piston greatly exceeded permissible deflection of the usual diaphragms and this movement could not be practicably reduced since it was limited by pressure change characteristic of the springs associated with the pilot piston.

One object of the invention is therefore the provision of an improved control apparatus comprising a fluid motor embodying a pilot structure having greater sensitivity to slight changes in fluid pressure and which is operable with a greater degree of accuracy in response to changes in fluid pressure than the structure above described.

According to this object I provide a pilot structure embodying flexible diaphragms of `relatively large area, as compared to the area of the pilot piston above described, and I limit the deflection of the diaphragms to a permissible value. The spring structure for defining the different positions of the pilot diaphragms is disposed remote from the diaphragms and connected thereto by lever means which for a certain movement of the diaphragms provides for greater movement of the spring structure thereby permitting theA use of springs having change in pressure characteristics best adapted to provide with accuracy the definite controlling pressures required in the different positions of the pilot structure or diaphragms.

In the structure disclosed in the above referred to Stevens application, the valve arrangement for controlling the pressure of fluid on opposite sides of the power piston embodies plungers subject to such pressure and which pressure opposes positioning of the pilot structure and thus interferes pilot structure and greater sensitivity of the pilot structure to changes )in pressure of fluid thereon.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved fluid controlled motor de- Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following more detailed description ofy the invention:

In the accompanying drawings; Fig'. l is a sec- 3 tional view taken longitudinally through the improved fluid motor structure; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 in Fig. l and having certain parts broken away to show interior construction; and Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Description As shown in the drawing, the improved control` apparatus comprises a power device I, a pilot device 2, a spring device 3, a supply and Arelease valve structure 4, a switch device 5, and rods and levers which will be later described.

The power device I comprises a cylinder 6 having mounting lugs 1 projecting therefrom and secured by bolts 8 to a mounting panel or the like, designated by the reference numeral 9, on which it is desired to mount the structure.

The power cylinder 6 has a piston bore I0 one end of which is closed by a pressure head formed integral with the cylinder while the opposite end of said bore is closed by a removable pressure head I2 secured to the cylinder by bolts I3.

A piston I slidably mounted in bore IIJ'is secured to one end of a piston rod I6 which extends through a suitable bore in the pressure head I2 to the exterior of the cylinder. The piston I 5 comprises two oppositely arranged flexible packing cups |1 and I8 clamped between a central ring I9 and two oppositely arranged -followers 2|] and 2|, the follower 20 being mounted on the piston rod against a shoulder 22. A nut 23 having screw-threaded engagement with the end ofthe piston rod is tightened against the follower 2| to thereby clamp the two packing cups in place, as above mentioned.

A suitable packing 24 is provided around the piston rod I5 Within the pressure head |2 and is held-in position by a gland 25 secured to said head bycap screws 26, said packing being provided to prevent leakage of fluid under pressure from a chamber 21 formed at one side of the piston past the piston rod to atmosphere. At the opposite side of the piston is a pressure chamber 28. The packing cup I8 is arranged to prevent leakage of fluid under pressure from chamber 23 past the piston, while the packing cup I1 is arranged to prevent leakage of the fluid under pressure from chamber 21 past the piston.

The end of the piston rod I6, exteriorly of the pressure head I2, is pivotally connected by a pin 29 to one end of a rod 3l) the opposite end of which rod may be connected to'a device to be operated, such as the maneuvering gear on a water-craftras disclosed in the aforementioned pending Stevens application. The piston I5 is arranged to be moved in either one direction or the opposite direction by differentialsv in fluid.

pressure created in chambers 21 and 28 forv moving the device to be operated to any Selected one of a plurality of positions, it being apparent that said piston will occupy the same position as the device to which the rod 30 may be connected.

For the purpose of illustration, the different positions of the device to be operated and thereby of piston I5 may be such as indicated in' Fig. 1 by spaced dash and dot lines. may include a neutral position as indicated by the dash and dot line bearing the legend Neutral At the left-hand side of neutral position there, may be three positions such as indicated by dash and dot lines bearing the legends A, BH and C while at the opposite side of neutral lposi-- These positions g connects these two parts together.

4 tion there may be three other positions as indicated by the legends A, B, and C'.

The specific device to be controlled by piston I5 the different positions of such device, and what is accomplished in said positions is immaterial to the present invention andl a further description thereof is not essential.

The pilot device 2 comprises a structure embodying two coaxially aligned cup-like elements 35 and 35 arranged with their open ends away from each other and rigidly connected together Vin spaced relation by two parallel ribs or anges 31, only one of which is shown. Projecting from the pressure head II in the direction away from bore I0 is an annular flange 38 to the periphery of which the cup-like element 35 is rigidly se- -cured, a flexible 'diaphragm 39 being clamped tween the periphery of said cover and that of said element is clamped flexible diaphragm 4I. Between the diaphragm 39 and the pressure head II is a pressure chamber 42 which is connected to a control pipe43, while at the opposite vside of said diaphragm is a chamber 44 which is open to the atmosphere through a relatively large opening 45 in the bottom of the cup-like element 35. A pressure chamber 46 is provided between cover 4I) and diaphragm 4| and is open to a control pipe 41. At the opposite side of diaphragm 4| is a chamber 48 which is open to the atmosphere through a relatively large opening 49 provided through the bottom wall of the cup-like element 36.

A diaphragm follower 52 contained in chamber 4,4 is mounted against one side of the dia-A phragm 39 and a follower plate 43 is mounted against the opposite side in chamber 42. rThe follower 52 is mounted against a shoulderA on one end of a connecting rod 54V which extends between the two diaphragms through openings 45 and 49 and into chambers 44 and 48 in the two cup-like elements. The one end of the connecting rod 54 extends through the diaphragm 39 into contact withethe follower plate 53 and a cap screw 55 having its head in engagement with the opposite side of said follower plate extends into the end of the connecting rod to thereby secure the follower 52 and plate 53 to opposite sides of the diaphragm and to the one end of the connecting rod 54. The opposite end of the connecting rod 54 is connected to diaphragm 4I by a cap screw 55 and a like follower 51 and follower plate 58 disposed at opposite sides of the diaphragm 4| in chambers 48 and 45, respectively.

Intermediate the cup-like elements 55'and35 the connecting rod 54 extends through an opening provided in a lever 6| intermediate its ends, and a pin 6i extending through the opposite walls of said opening and said connecting rod pivotally One end of the lever ispivotallymounted o-n a pin 62 supported'at opposite ends in bosses 53 projecting inwardly from the adjacent faces of ribs 31 below theconnecting rod 54.

When fluid under pressure is supplied to pille 43 with pipe 41 and thereby chamber 45opento the atmosphere, the pressure ofi'luid thus obtained in chamber 42 on diaphragm 39 will defleet same in the direction of the right-hand Vand rock the lever 59 about the fulcrum pin 62 in a amata plied to pipe lil and thus to chamber 45 when pipe i3 and chamber 42 are open tothe atmosphere, the diaphragm il will deilect in the direction of the left-hand and rock the lever 59 in a counterclockwise direction about the fixed fulcrum pin 62. Deflection of the diaphragm 39 toward the right-hand is arranged to be limited by engagement of follower 52 with an annular stop shoulder @i provided in the cup-like element 35, while deflection of diaphragm lil in the direction of the left-hand is arranged to be limited by a corresponding sh-oulder $5 provided in the cup-like element 3a. It will be noted that the two diaphragme will move together in either direction due to the connection therebetween by rod 54.

The means for supplying fluid under pressure to either of the pipes 43 or il and for varying the pressure therein while retaining the other pipe open to atmosphere is immaterial to the present invention, but may, as an example, be like that shown in the copending Stevens application herenbefore referred to.

The spring device 3 comprises a tubular casing i9 arranged parallel to the bore il) in the power cylinder 6 and having mounting lugs 'il secured by bolts `l2 to lugs 'i3 provided on the power cylinder (i. The tubular casing is provided internally and adjacent one end with an inwardly extending annular wall M, and similarly located adjacent the opposite end of the casing is an adjusting nut 'i5 having screw-threaded engagement with the casing interiorly thereof. Between the wall M and nut 'i5 are two movable pressure members i8 and H engaged by opposite ends of a coil spring 'i8 which is under pressure and therefore eiective to urge said members apart into contact with said wall and nut, respectively. The spring 78 is also effective to oppose m0ve ment of member 'iii out of engagement with wall 'i4 and to also oppose movement of member Ti out of engagement with nut '215.v

A rod 'i9 loosely extending centrally through the two pressure members 'iii and 'i1 has one end adjustably connected by screw-threads to one end of a link 8d the opposite end of which is connected by a pin 8l to the upper or free end of the diaphragm controlled lever 59. Loosely mounted on the rod 'i8 are two sleeves 82 and 83 extending through openings provided centrally in the pressure members i6 and 'il and having on their opposite ends collars 84 and 85 arranged to engage respectively the opposite faces of the pressure members 7G and 'ii' immediately adjacent and 'surrounding the rod 19.

Between wall Eli and link do a member 83 is mounted on the rod 'is against a nut Bt secured in position by a lock nut dii. The member 88 supports a stop si. A coil spring 92 encircling rod 'I9 and under pressure bears at one end against collar 8d on sleeve S2 and at the opposite end v against the stop 9i. rThe inner end of stop 3l is arranged to engage the outer face of pressure member` i6, while the outer face of stop 9i is arranged to engage an adjusting nut 93 having screw-threaded engagement interiorly with the tubular casing it.

A member @d is mounted on the opposite end of rod is and is held in place by a nut 95. The member @d carries a stop 96 like the stop S l. rlhe stop 96 is interposed between the pressure member Ti andan adjusting nut 97 having screwthreaded engagement interiorly with the tubular casing. A coil spring 93 like spring 92 and encircling rod 'i9 is interposed under pressure between and bears against the stop S16-at one end and collar at the o-pposite end.

When both pressure chambers 42 and 45 in the pilot device 2 are open to the atmosphere, the parts of the spring device 3 will occupy the posi; tions shown due to the action of spring i8 urging the pressure members 'i5 and il into contact with wall i4 and adjusting nut 15, respectively, and which therefore position the sleeves 82 and 83 as shown in the drawing. With the sleeves 82 and 83 thus positioned, the pressure of spring 92 will urge the stop 9i into contact with the adjusting nut 93 while the pressure of spring 98 will urge the stop Siti into contact with the adjusting nut 91. With the parts thus conditioned, the nut 8@ will be adjusted to urge the member 88 into contact with stop 9i while the nut 95 will be adjusted for urging the member ibi into contact with the stop S6. With these parts in the condition just described, the link 8i? will be adjusted on the rod 'i9 for positioning the diaphragm operated lever Si@ in a neutral position in which it is shown in the drawing,

When fluid under pressure is supplied to chamber 42 through pipe d3, with pipe it and chamber s6 -vented, and is increased on the diaphlagm 39 to a degree suilicient for overcoming the pressure of spring 98 on stop iid, the lever 59 will be rocked in a clockwise direction and through rod 'i9 will pull the stop 95 out of ensagement with the adjusting nut si and move same in the direction of the pressure member 77. After a certain degree of movement incident to a further increase in pressure of fluid in chamber d2, the stop 9E will engage the pressure member i] and then further movement will be opposed by the force of spring 'i3 on said pres sure member and this will require a definite further increase in pressure of in chamber d2 on the diaphragm 3S. Thus, as will be apparent, engagement between the stop and pressure member 'i'i' will deiintely define a position of lever 59 at the right-hand side of its neutral position.

When the pressure of huid in chamber la is `then further increased to a degree sufficient to overcome the force of spring i3 on the pressure member Ti, the lever 59 will be rocked further in a clockwise direction and thereby move the pressure member il against spring i8 and such movement will continue as the pressure of fluid in chamber i2 is increased until the end of sleeve B3 engages the end of sleeve 52 whereupon the pressure of spring 92 will become effective to oppose further movement of the diaphragm operated lever 59. rlhe precompressed force of spring 92 on sleeve 82 thus acts to deiine a second position of the diaphragm operated lever 59 at the right-hand side of its neutral position. Upon a still further increase in pressure in diaphragm chamber d2 to a degree which overcomes the opposing forces of spring "it on the pressure member 'i7 and of spring di on sleeve S2, the diaphragm Se will `then act to rock the lever 59 further in a clockwise' direction until the diaphragm follower 52 `engages the stop @fi in the cup-like element 35. This engagement prevents further deflection of diaphragm and thereby rocking of the lever 5S in a clockwise direction and thus defines a third position of said lever at the right-hand side of its neutral position.

through pipe Iii to chamber de to act on the diaphragm 1li, said diaphragm will deflect to rock" l the lever 59 in a counterclockwise direction. This deilection of diaphragm tl will initially move the stop 9| away from the adjusting nut 93 against the force of spring 92 and into contact with the pressure member It which will define one position of the lever 5s to the left `of its neutral position. As the lever 5t is then moved further in a counterclockwise direction upon a sufficient increase in pressure on the diaphragm 4|, the member I6 will move against the force of spring 13 until the sleeve 82 contacts the sleeve 83 which will define a second position of the lever 59 at the left-hand side of its neutral position.

AWhen the pressure of fluid inchamber 46 is still K out of neutral position in either one direction or the opposite direction, upon supply of iiuid under pressure to either chamber I2 or 2,5 with the other chamber open toatmosphere, to positions defined by the cooperation of different parts in the spring device 3 and determined by the pressure of iiuid supplied to the respective chambers 42 or 4E.

The supply and release valve structure il is preferably formed integrally with the pressure head I2 at one side of the bore therein through which the power piston rod it operates and comprises two fluid pressure supply valves Itl and |62 which are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the axis of said rod. The two supply valves are both contained in a chamber |63 which is connected by a passage Idil in the pressure head |2 Yto a registering passage ISE provided in the power cylinder t. The passage M35 leads to a passage I @5 which is open to the interior of a ring-shaped air cleaner |531. This air cleaner is mounted in a cavity in the power cylinder 6 and is secured in place by a cap nut |68. An annular cavity Iild provided in the power cylinder 5 around the exterior of the strainer |61 is connected through a passage IIS! in said cylinder' to a duid pressure supply pipe which is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, as viewed in the drawing. This pipe is provided for connection with any suitable source of fluid under pressure, so that in use fluid will be constantly supplied through the air strainer itl to chamber |63 in pressure head I2 containing the two fluid pressure supply valves |53! and H32.

Directly above the supply valve the pressure head I2 is provided with a chamber ||3 which is connected by a passage IM to pressure chamber 21 at one side of the power piston I5. Directly above the supply valve |62 the pressure head i2 has a chamber H5 which is connected by a passage ||6 extending around back of chamber ||3 as seen in Fig. 3, to apassage ||1 which registers at the end of the pressure head i2 engaging the power cylinder with a passage |58 in said cylinder.Y The passage H8 is provided through a rib I I9 on the exterior of cylinder 6 extending to the pressure head at which point a passage |2| is provided which connects passage HS to the pre:n sure chamber 28. I

A cap nut |25 is secured in an opening provided in the wall separating chamberspil and IIS and this nut is provided axially with a bore in which is slidably mounted a uted stem |26 projecting 8` from the supply valve I0 I, said nut being provided on the end in chamber |03 with a seat for cooperation with said supply valve. A cap nut |21 closes an opening through the lower wall of chamber |03 and supports a spring |28 which bears against the supply valve I 0| for urging same to its seated position shown A cap nut I3@ axially aligned with the nut |25 is secured in the upper wall of chamber ||3 by screw-threaded engagement and is provided with an axial bore in which is slidably mounted a tubular plunger |3| extending from within chamber ||3 to a point above the outer end of nut |30. A duid pressure release valve |32 contained in chamber ||3 has a fluted stem |33 extending into the bore |34 in plunger |3|, this bore being open above the outer end of nut |39 to the atmosphere` through one or more ports |35, The plunger |3| is provided inchamber IIS around the open end of bore |34 with a seat for cooperating with the release valve |32 to close communication between chamber I I3 and saidv bore, and surrounding this seat the plunger is provided with an annular collar |36. The release valve |32 is provided with a depending stem portion supporting at its lower end a spring seat |31 which engages the end of the supply valve stem |26. Ak

coil spring |33 under pressure and encircling the depending stem portion of the release valve bears at one end against collar |36 on plunger I3! and at the opposite end against the spring seat |31 for urging the plunger out of seating engagement with the release valve |32. The cap nut |36 is provided with an annular cavity encircling the plunger |3| and containing a ring packing |46 contacting the bottom of said cavity and the peripheral surface of the plunger for vpreventing leakage of huid pressure from chamber ||3`past the plunger to the atmosphere. Y

The valve structure embodying the supply valve |02 is identical to that embodying the supe ply valve ||l| and just described, in that the supply valve ||i2 is arranged .to seat on the end of a cap nut |42 secured by screw-threaded engagement in a wall separating the supply chamber |133 from chamber H5. The supply valve |62 has a uted stem Itis slidably mounted in a bore provided axially through the cap nut |42. Below the supply valve |62 an opening in the lower wall of chamber H13 is closed by a cap nut |44 which carries a spring M5 bearing against'the supply valve |02 for seating same. In chamber i5 the supply valve stem It contacts a spring seat MS provided on a depending portion of a fluid pressure release valve |41 having a fluted stem |48 disposed to slide in a bore its provided in. a tubular plunger I til. The plunger itil is slidably mounted in a bore provided through a cap nut i5! secured in the upper wall of chamber |55. The plunger |5|is provided in chamber ||5 with a seat for engaging the release valve Ill'I and surrounding said seat said plunger has an annular collar |52. A coil spring |53 encircling the depending portion of the release valve ISE bears at one end against the spring seatllS and at the opposite end against collar |52 for urging the yplunger |52 out of seating engagement with the release valve. The bore I 4S in plunger I5!) is open to the atmosphere above the cap nut |5| through one or more ports |53. The cap nut |5I has adjacent its lower end an annular cavity surrounding the plunger |5i| and containing a ring-like packing |54 engaging the bottom wall of said cavity and the peripheral'surface of said |3| and ld is substantially no greater than the diameter of the seat on the release valves |32 and |41, respectively, so that a minimum of force will. be required to move said plungers into chambers lit and H against pressure of fluid act ing therein during operation of the device, which will be later described.

On the side of piston rod it opposite the valve structure d just described, the pressure head I2 is provided with an arm |51 extending away from the pressure head and diagonally to the axis of the piston rod. A rod 58 disposed at right angles to the axis of the power piston rod i6 and substantially midway between the ends of plungers i3! |56 projecting above the respective cap nuts |33 and |5| is supported at one end in the arm |51 while the opposite end is supported in an arm |59 projecting from the pressure head i2 at the opposite side of the valve structure A,

`said rod being secured in place by 'a pin |60 provided through the therein.

A lever member comprising a sleeve |6| is J'ournaled on the rod |58 between the arms |51 and |59. The sleeve |6| is provided adjacent the arm |59 with two oppositely arranged lever arms ir and |53 extending over and spaced from the ends of plungers i5! and |5|i, respectively. An adjusting screw |54 is screw-threaded through the arm |2 in alignment with the end `of plunger |3| and into engagement therewith, a lock nut |65 being provided on said screw for engagement with said arm to secure said screw in an adjusted position. A similar adjusting screw |66 is provided in the arm |53 in alignment with and for engaging the outer end of plunger I-E, and a lock nut I 51 on said screw is provided for engagement with said arm to secure the screw in an adjusted position.

The sleeve iti is provided between the arms |52 and |63 and the arm |51 projecting from the pressure head l2 with an upwardly extending lever i 5S and secured to the free end'of this lever at its center and by a cap screw 69 is an equalizing lever i'iil normally extending in a substantially vertical direction directly over the axis of the power piston rod |6, as viewed in the draw- Thc lower end of lever |15 is connected by a pin ill to one end of a connecting rod |12 which extends through space provided between the power cylinder 6 and the tubular casing of the spring device 3 and which has its opposite end connected by a pin |13 to the diaphragm operated lever El@ between the connections o said lever with the diaphragme and the spring connecting rod lil.

The opposite end of the equalizing lever |10 is connected by a pin 11| to one end of a link |'|5, the opposite end of which is adjustably connected by screw-threads to one end of a rod |15. The other end of the rod |15 is adjustably connected by screw-threads to one end of a link |11 the opposite end of which is connected by a pin il' to one end of a lever |19 which is fulcrumed intermediate its ends and adjacent the pin |18 on a pin IBB provided in the end of arm |551 projecting from the pressure head I2. The opposite end of lever |59 is bifurcated to straddle the piston rod i5 and is connected by pins-I8! tothe aligned ends oi two links l|82 disposed at arm |558 and the end of said rod opposite sides of the piston rod and only one of which can be seen in the drawing, said links being connected together beneath the end of the piston rod by a bridge |83. The opposite ends of links |32 are pivotally connected with pin 29.

AThe switch device 5 comprises a casing |85V containing a vertically movable plunger |86 disposed .over the operating sleeve l5! and secured in this position by one or more screws |31 extending through an arm |880, projecting from the tubular spring housing 1|! and into said casing. In the switch casing are contacts (not shown) for controlling an electric circuit and these contacts are arranged for control by the plunger vmovement of the plunger into the casing being operative to close the contacts and movement of the plunger out of said casing being operative to open said contacts. The invention resides in the provision of means for controlling movement of the plunger |86, in View of which= the structure of the switch within the casing and its purpose are immaterial to the invention.

In the lower end of plunger |85 is a roller |38 disposed directly over the operating sleeve |6| which is provided with a cam |89 for controlling the positioning of said plunger. rIhe cam |89 is provided with a recess ISB to receive the roller d8 when the operating lever |68 is in a vertical and neutral position as shown in the drawing. Movement of this lever in either direction from the neutral position is arranged to move the recess SG out of registry with the roller |88 for thereby urging said roller and the plunger |86 in the direction of the switch casing |85 for actuating the switch therein to close the electric circuit controlled by said switch. Return of the lever |68 to its neutral position willmove the recess la!) under the roller |88 to permit the plunger |36 to be returned to its circuit opening position shown,

Adjustments Let it be assumed that both diaphragm chambers 42 and d5 are at atmospheric pressure and that the diaphragm operated lever 59 is connected by rod |12 to the lower end of the equalizing lever lid and that the connection between the spring rod 'is and link i is so adjusted that the diaphragm actuated lever 59 will be substantially in its neutral position and that the valve operating lever |68 will be in its neutral position shown with the pressure members 15 and 11 urged into contact with the wall 14| and adjusting nut 15, respectively, and with the stops 9| and 96 urged into contact with the adjusting nuts 93 and 9|. Let it further be assumed that the power piston |6 is inits neutral position shown and operatively connected to the lever |16 which under this condition may also occupy a neutralposition shown at right angles to the axis of the piston rod. The connecting rod |18 will then be adjusted to and connected with the lever lli) and equalizing lever |19. With the parts adjusted as above described the arms |62 and |63 projecting from sleeve |6| will be dispo-sed substantially equidistant from the ends of the respective plungers |3| and |53.

Let it further be assumed that pipe is supplied with :duid undergpressure and that the supply valve chamber |Ei5 will as a consequence be charged with fluid pressure. The two adjusting screws its and ||5 will then be adjusted. in arms ||i2 and- |63 into contact with the plungers |3| and |59 and then screwed inwardly to urge said plungers into seating engagement with the release valves |32 and M1, respectively. Each of 11 the adjustingscrews |64 and |66 will then be screwed into the arms |62 and |63 to a slightly greater extent for unseating the supply valves I| and |62, respectively, to allow fluid under pressure to flow from chamber |03 to chambers IIS and IE5 and thence to pressure chambers 21 and 23 at opposite sides of the power piston I5.

The supply valves IOI and |02 may be unseated, as just described, to an extent which will allow the pressure of fluid supplied to the valve chamber |03 to equalize into chambers 21 and 28 at the opposite sides of the power piston I5, or in other words, the adjustment willbe such as to hold both of said valves open. However, it is preferred that both of the supply valves be unseated to a lesser degree so that when a certain pressure intermediate that of the atmosphere and of that supplied to chamber |03- is attained on the opposite sides of the power piston, such pressure acting in chambers |I3 and |I5 on the ends of plungers ISI and I 50, respectively, will urge said plungers outwardly sufficiently to allow the two supply valves IOI and |02 to seat. With this latter adjustment the supply valves IIlI and |02 will initially be unseated by screws |64 and 66 a very small degree, such as for example onethousandth of an inch, under which condition it has been found that both of said valves will seat upon obtaining the intermediate degree of pressure on opposite sides of the power piston as above described, such seating being due, it is believed, to give or deflection in some part or parts of the structure connecting the supply valves to the actuating sleeve |6|.

In case both supply valves I0! and |02 are adjusted to remain open, it will be seen that the pressure of iluid obtained on opposite sides of the power piston will be the same, as is also the case with such adjustments of screws I 64 and |66 as to provide for seating of said supply valves upon obtaining the intermediate degree of iiuid pressure on opposite sides of the power piston. In either case the power piston will be in a static condition and in both cases the pressure of uid acting in the chambers at the opposite sides of said piston will press the skirt portions of the packing cups I1 and I 8 against the wall of the bore I0 with force to stabilize the piston against undesired shifting in said bore due to vibration or the like incident to the installation of the structure.

The force of the packing cups I1 and I8 acting against the wall of bore I0 either alone or in conjunction with the resistance to movement of the device (not shown) to which the rod 30 may be connected, also acts to hold the piston against movement when the opposite sides o'f the piston are subject to huid at the same pressure, even though the area of the piston |5 subject to fluid pressure in chamber 21 is less than that subject to pressure of iluid in chamber 28 by an amount equal to the area of the piston rod I6.

Operation Let it be assumed that with diaphragm chamber 65 Vopen to the atmosphere, fluid under pressure is supplied through pipe 43 to chamber l2 to deilect diaphragm 3S in the direction of the righthand and thereby rock lever 50 in a clockwise direction to any desired position determined by the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber 42 and the opposing pressure of one or more of the springs of the spring device 3. This movement of the diaphragm lever 50 will act through the connecting rod-2 to turn the equalizing lever |10 aai-egizia 12 n Y in a counterclockwise direction about its fulcrum connection with pin |14, the pin |14 being held at this time against movement due to the relatively great reluctance to movement of the power piston I5. This rocking of the equalizing Y lever I'III in a counterclockwise direction will act through the cap screw |60 to turn the lever |68 and thereby the operating sleeve I6I and arms 62 and |63 connected to the valve actuating plungers ISI and |50 in a clockwise direction.

It will be noted that since the connecting rod IIE is connected to one end of equalizing lever |10 and the sleeve actuating arm |68 is connected to said lever at its center, a relatively small force applied through the connecting rod |12 will turn the arm |68 and sleeve I6I. actuating sleeve 56| in its neutral position in which the release valves |32 and |41 are both closed and chambers I I3 and I I5 are charged with fluid at the same degree of pressure such pressure acting on the plunger |3I equals the opposing pressure of iiuid on plunger |50 so that a. relatively small degree of force is required for initiating turning of the sleeve actuating arm |68 in a clockwise direction as just described.

When the sleeve actuating arm |68 is rocked in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. l or in a counterclockwise direction as Viewed in Fig. 3, the arm |62 will move the plunger |3| inwardly through the cap nut I 30 and since the end of said plungers is at this time in contact with the release valve |32, said valve will be moved with the plunger and move the supply valve |0| away from its seat. If chamber I I3 and the connected chamber 2 at one side of the power piston were both charged with the full degree of pressure provided in the supply pipe III with the sleeve actuating arm- |50 in its neutral position, this movement of the supply valve |0I will be merely a further unseating thereof and of no consequene, but in case the adjusting screw |64 had been adjusted to allow closure of the supply valve I0I upon obtaining the intermediate degree of uid pressure in chamber 21 with the sleeve actuating arm |68 in its neutral position as hereinbefore described, then movement of the supply valve I0| away from its seat will permit fluid under pressure to ilow from the supply valve chamber |03 to chamber I I3 and thence to chamber 21 for increasing the pressure of uid on the power piston I5.

At the same time as plunger |3I is moved inwardly as just described, the movement of the sleeve actuating arm |63 in a counterclockwise direction permits the pressure of iluid in chamber IIE and the pressure of spring |55 on the inner end of plunger |50 to move said plunger upwardly through the cap nut I5I. In case the screw |66 had been adjusted to hold the supply valve |02 open with the lever |68 in neutral position, this movement of plungers |50 will allow seating of said valve. In either case with the supply valve seated, the outward movement of plunger |50 will be relative to the release valve |41 and out of seating engagement therewith, the release valve |41 being held open by the action of spring I 53. With the release valve I 52 thus opened iluid under pressure will flow from chamber II5 and the connected chamber 28 at the opposite side of the power piston I5 to the atmosphere by way of bore |49 in said plunger and thence through the ports |53.

This reduction in pressure in chamber 28 at the right hand side of the power piston I5 either by itself or in conjunction with an increase in pressure in chamber 21 at the opposite side of Moreover, with the anarco i3 seid piston as above described will Vestablish a differential of pressures on said piston which will act to move same in the direction of the right-hand,

Let it be assumed that the diaphragm operating lever fifi is moved to and then stopped in a chosen position to the right of its neutral position, in which case the connecting rod i'ill will assume a corresponding position and then hold the lower end of the equalizing lever lli! against movement. The resulting movement of the power piston l under the action oi" fluid under pressure transinitted through lever il@ and link llt to the upper of the equalizing lever ilil will then act to turn said equaliaing lever in a countercloclrwise direction. about its iulcrum connection with pin lll and thus rock the sleeve operating arm it back. toward neutral position. As the sleeve operating arm is thus rocled the valve actuating arm it will bepulled in a direction away from cap nut l5@ to permit the fluid pressure supply valve itil to move in the direction of its seat under the action of spring f2s, and atthe same time the arm it moving in the opposite direction will move the plunger l53 in the direction of the release valve i52, thereby graduallyv closing communication between the fluid pressure supply pipe ill' and the power piston chamber 2l, and at the saine time gradually closing the vent past the release valve ll'l from the power piston chamber 23.

If the adjusting screws itil and 58 were initially adjusted to limit the pressure of fluid acting on the opposite sides of the power piston l5 to some intermediate degree as above described, then when the operating arm is returned by the power piston to its neutral position the higher pressure of fluid in chamber H3 obtained with the lever out of neutral position and acting on plunger itl will prevent seating of said plunger against the release valve l until the pressure of such uid in chamber l i3 and power piston chamber 2l becomes reduced to the intermediate degree before mentioned. At the same time the pressure in chamber M5 and in power chamber 28 acting on the plunger i552 having been reduced with the operating lever 5E out of neutral position, the return of said lever to neutral position will actua-te said plunger to oracle open the supply valve lll? whereupon the pressure in chamber H5 and in the power piston chamber Et will be restored to its intermediate degree.

It, however, the adjusting screws itil and ll had been adjusted to maintain the supply valves lili and Ill? unseated with the actuating lever it in its neutral position then upon return of said lever from a position out oi neutral position back to neutral position the valve ig'll will remain slightly unseated so that there will be no change in pressure in chamber l and the power piston chamber 2l, while the inward movement of the plunger ld will unseat the supply valve EQ2 and permit fluid to new fron the supply chamber' 93 to the power piston chamber 28 to equalize the fluid pressures on the opposite sides of the power piston iii.

In either case, when the lever i558 is returned to its neutral position the pressures of uid acting on the opposite sides of the power piston i5 will be edualized thereby destroying the actuating force on said piston and causing same to stop in a position determined by the position of the diaphragm actuated lever d8 and thereby the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber 'l2 for acting on the diaphragm (lll.

`lei If the pressure of fluid in chamber 42 is now further increased the lever 59 will be moved to a new and corresponding position and thereby actua-te the equalizing lever il() to again operate the supply and release valve mechanism 4 toY establish a differential in pressures on the opposite sides of the power piston i5 following which said piston will operate and actuate said release valve mechanism to destroy such differential and stop the power piston in a new position corresponding to that of the diaphragm actuated lever di? and diaphragm 3Q in the same manner as above described.

f'lius the power piston l5 may be caused to move from neutral position in the direction of the right hand to a position determined by the positioifi of the diaphragm 3d which in turn is dependent upon the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber if the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber 42 is adequate to deect the diaphragm st to a position in which the follower 52 engages the stop shoulder the lever 5S will be so positioned as to reduire the piston l5 to move to'and be stopped in the position indicated by the legend Cl!! Y Now let it be assumed that the pressure in chamber i2 is reduced to a degree below that required to hold follower 52 in contact with the stop Upon such a reduction the combined action or springs 'i3 and 92 on the spring rod 'i9 will turn the diaphragm actuated lever 59 in a counter-clockwise direction to a position in which the force of said springs balances the pressure of fluid in chamber l2 on the diaphragm 39, thus r again positioning the lever 5S and the lower end i the equalizing lever llt in accordance with the pressure of fluid effective on and thereby the position of the diaphragm 39. Upon this operatio-n the equalizing lever il will be turned in a clockwise direction about its fulcrum connection with pin l'lfl and thereby actuate the sleeve actuating arm its in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. l, or in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 3. This movement of arm |58 will permit the plunger i3! to move out of contact with release valve i372 for reducing the pressure in chamber 2l' at one side of the power piston, and at the same time unseat the supply valve ll2 for increasing the pressure in chamber at the opposite side of the power piston, or in case the adjusting screw it@ were differently adjusted as hereinbefore described the pressure in chamber 28 will be merely maintained at that of the supply uid. In either case, a differential or pressures will be created on the power piston l5 which will move same in the direction of the left-hand and this movement will actuate the lever H9 and connecting rod il@ to return sleeve actuating lever itil to its neutral position to thereby effect operation of thesupply and release valvestructure to equalize the pressures on the power piston l5 and stop same in a new position corresponding to that of the pilot diaphragm 36 and the pressure of fluid acting thereon in the same manner as above described,

It will be apparent that upon further reductions in pressure in chamber d2 and consequent new i positioning of lever the supply and release valve structure Il will again operate to cause move ment of the piston l5 further in the direction of the left-hand and to positions corresponding to the positions of the lever '5s and pressures of fluid in the chamber G2 respectively.

Ii chamber l2 isl opened toatmosphere and fluid pressure is supplied through pipe fil to chamber '46 orv released therefrom, it will now be appar- 46, and that the supply valve and release valve structure l will operate to cause movement of the piston l to corresponding positions, in which it will be stopped.

It will now be apparent that if the pressure of fluid supplied to either chamber 42 or chamber 6 is just sufiiceint for causing engagement between the adjacent ends of the sleeves 82 and 83 in the spring device 3 as hereinbefore described, the power piston i5 will be caused to move to a position such as indicated by the legend B in case the supply of fluid is to chamber 46, or to the position indicated by the legend B if the supply of fluid is to chamber 42. If the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber 42 is however only sufficient for causing movement of stop 96 in the spring device into engagement with pressure member 'il then the' lever 59 will be positioned to cause movement of the piston I5 and stop same in a position such as indicated by the legend A. On the other hand, if the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber ylili is only adequate to move the stop 9| into contact with the pressure member it then the piston I5 will only move to and stop in a position such as indicated .by the legend A.

As before mentioned, when the actuating memzer |68 is in its neutral position the pressures of fiuid in chambers H3 and ||5 acting o-n plungers i3! and ld counteract each other through the arms E52 and |53 of the actuating sleeve |6| so that little force is required on the actuating lever |68 for initiating movement of same out of neutral position, thereby providing for prompt operation of the supply and release valve structure in response to movement of the pilot structure. When the lever |68 is however, moved out of neutral position thereby reducing the pressure of uid on one plunger without any change or with a corresponding increase in pressure on the other plunger a force is transmitted through the sleeve operated arms |52 and E63 which opposes movement of the actuating arm |68 by the pilot device. This opposing force is however relatively small on account of the small diameter of the two plungers and is substantially inconsequential in view of the relatively large areas of the actuating diaphragms 3'8 and d! and the leverage connecting said diaphragms to the operating lever |58.

When the valve actuating sleeve ISI is rocked in either direction out of neutral position the` roller |88 in the switch control plunger |86 is moved in the direction of the switch housing for opening the circuit controlled by the switch therein, while upon return of the actuating arm |68 to its neutral position the cam |89 provides for `return of the switch plunger |36 to its normal position shown.

Summary area' to provide relatively large control forces upon a relatively small change in pressure of the actuating fluid. A spring arrangement is provided to oppose the pressure of fluid on the diaphragms and to cooperate with such pressure to define positions of the diaphragms corresponding to such pressure.

The permissible deflection of diaphragms is usually however relatively small, so in order to use springs having deflections or change in pressure characteristics required to provide with a desired degree of accuracy the spring opposing forces required in definite positions of the diaphragms, the diaphragms are connected to the spring means through a multiplying lever arrangement providing relatively great deiiection of the control spring or springs for relatively small movement of the diaphragms. tively great pilot force provided by the cooperative action of fluid pressure on the diaphragms and the opposing force of the spring or springs is in turn multiplied through a lever arrangement connecting same to the supply and release valve structure which also has been arranged to require relatively small actuating force. A multiplying lever arrangement also connects the power piston to the valve structure. Thus the eiect of the negligible force required for operating the valve structure on the. accuracy of positioning of the pilot device and of the power piston is minimized so that with a maximum degree of promptness and accuracy the power piston may be caused to assume positions corresponding to positions of the operating diaphragms and the pressure of fluid provided thereon.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure yby Letters Patent, is:

1. In combination, a power cylinder, a iiuid pressure controlled power p-iston mounted to reciprocate in Said cylinder, valve means associated with said cylinder and including a control member for controlling the pressure of fluid acting on opposite sides of said piston and operable with said control member in a normal position to effect equalization of the opposing pressures on said piston for rendering said piston immovable and being operable upon movement of said control member out of said normal position to establish a differential between said opposing pressures to cause movement of said piston, a structure secured to one .end of said cylinder, a exible diaphragm clamped around its periphery between said structure and the adjacent end of said cylinder and having at one side a pressure chamber, spring means mounted on one side of said cylinder, a control lever having a fulcrum connection with the structure and having one lever arm connected Iwith said diaphragm and another lever arm connected to said spring means,V said diaphragm being deectable upon supply of fluid under pressure to Isaid pressure chamber against the opposing force of said spring means to a position determined by the pressure of fluid in said chamber, a second lever having a fulcrum connection with said cylinder and a connection with said piston, an equalizing lever having an operating connection intermediate its ends with said control member, means connecting said control lever to one end of said equalizing lever, means connecting said second lever to the opposite end of said equalizing lever, said control lever being operable upon deflection of said diaphragm to actuate said equalizing lever for moving said control member out of said normal position, and said The relal?? piston being operable upon movementrelative vto said diaphragm for actuating said second llever and thereby lsaid equalizing lever for moving said control memberto said normal position.

2. `In combination, a power cylinder having a piston bore, a pressure head closing each of the opposite ends or said bore, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said bore, a piston rod having one `end secured to said piston and extending through one of said pressure heads, a structure secured tothe other of said pressure heads, a flexible diaphragm clamped around its periphery between said other pressurehe'adand the adjacent end of saidstructure, saidother pressure head cooperating with said diaphragm to provide a pressure 'chamber for receiving fluid under pressure to deflect said diaphragm, a spring housing nae'd with respect to said cylinder, spring means mounted in said spring housing, a lever having a rfulcrum connection with said structure'and operating connections with said diaphragm and spring means, said diaphragm 'being deflectable by fluid pressure supplied to said chamber against the opposing force or said spring means to a `position determined by the pressure of `such fluid, valve i means associatedwith said one pressure head and including a control member for controlling the pressure of fluid acting on opposite sides of said piston and operable with said control member in a normal position Ito effect equalization of the opposing pressures of iiuid on said piston for rendering said piston immovable and being operable upon movement of said control member-out of said normal position to establish a diirerential between said opposing pressures to cause movement of said piston, and lever means connecting said lever and piston rod to said control member, said diaphragm being operable upon deiiection relative to said piston to actuate said lever and lever means to move said control member out of said normal position, and said piston .being operable upon movement relative to said diaphragm to actuate said lever means to move said control member to said normal position in a position of `said piston corresponding to the position of'said diaphragm.

3, In combination, a powercylinder having a piston bore closed at one end by a pressure head, a power piston mounted to reciprocate in said bore, valve `means associated with said cylinder and including a control member for controlling the pressure of fluid on opposite sides of Asaid piston and operable with said control member in a normal lposition to effect equalization of such pressures and upon movement of said control member out of said normal position to `establish a diiierential between the pressures acting on opposite sides of said piston for causing movement of said piston, a structure secured to said pressure head, a iiexible diaphragm clamped around its periphery between said pressure head and the adjacent end of said structure in coaxial relation with said piston, said pressure head and diaphragm cooperating to form a pressure chame 18 gethe'r for movement in unison, a spring housing xed with respect to'said cylinder, spring means coniined in said housing, a lever having a fulcrum `connection with said structure intermediate `the two diaphragms and having one lever arm connected Yto the diaphragm connecting means and another lever arm connected to said spring means to thereby `render said spring means efrective 'to `opp-ose deflection of said diaphragm by duid pressure supplied to either of said pressure chambers and for limiting movement of said lever to positions corresponding to the pressure of such fluid, and'means connecting said lever and piston to said control membervand operable upon deilec- `tion of 'either of said diaphragmel relative to said `piston-by pressure of duid supplied to the respective pressure chamber for moving said control `m'eniber out'of normal position and operable upon `movement of said piston relative to said dia- .phragms for returning said control member t0 said normal position in a position of said piston corresponding to the position of said diaphragm.

Ll. In combination, a power cylinder having a piston bore, a pressure head closing each of the opposite ends of said bore, a power piston mounted to reciprocate in said bore, valve means associated with one of said pressure heads; and including a control member for controlling the `pressure of fluid acting `on opposite sides of said piston, and operable with said control member in a neutral position to eiect equalization of the opposing pressures of `iiuid on said piston. `and being operable upon movement of said control member out of said neutral position in one direction -to establish'a differential in pressures on said piston to effect movement thereof in one direction, said valve means being operable upon movement of ,said control member vin the opposite direction from ineutral position to establish `a reversal of said diierential in fluid pressures for eiecting movement of said piston in the opposite direction, Va pilot structure associated with the other pressure head and comprising two spaced iiexible diaphragms arranged in coaxial `relation with said piston, means connecting said diaphragms for deflection inV unison, one diaphragm being subject at its outer face to pressure of fluid in a pressure chamber for delecting the diaphragme in one direction, and the other diaphragm being subject at its outer face to pressure of fluid in another pressure chamber for deflecting the diaphragms in the opposite direction; a spring Thousing `mounted on one side of said power cylinder, spring means confined in ,said housing, lever means operatively connecting said spring means to the diaphragm connecting means to thereby rendersa-id spring means eiective to oppose `deilection of said diaphragme by uid underpressure in either direction and for defining positions of said -lever means corresponding'to pressure of fluid acting on either of said diaphragms, a piston rod having one end secured to said piston and extending through one of said pressure heads, an equalizing lever having an operating connection intermediate its ends with said control member, means connecting one end of said equalizing lever to said lever means, a third lever having a fulcrum connection with the :[lrst named,

pressure head and one lever arm connected with said piston rod and another lever arm connected with the opposite end of said equalizing lever, said diaphragms being operable upon deflection by fluid pressure supplied to either of said pressure chambers to eiect opeiation of said lever means and thereby said equalizing lever for moving said said piston being operable upon movement relative to said diaphragms for actuating said third lever and thereby said equalizing lever to return said control lever to said normal positionin a position of said piston corresponding to the position of said diahpragms.

5. In combination, a power cylinder having a piston bore, pressure heads closing opposite ends of said bore, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said bore, a piston rod having one end secured to said piston and extending through one of said pressure heads to the exterior of said cylinder, valve means in said one pressure head for controlling pressure of fluid acting on opposite sides of said piston and comprising one plunger operable upon movement in one direction for increasing the pressure of fluid on one side of said piston and in the opposite direction to eiect a reduction in such pressure, another plunger operable upon movement in said one direction for increasing the pressure of uid on the opposite side of said piston and in the reverse direction for reducing the pressure of such uid, an operating member disposed between said plungers and vhaving a journal connection with said one pressure head, said member having one arm for actuating one of said plungers and an oppositely arranged arm for actuating the other of said plungers and having an operating member for actuating said arm, said operating member having a neutral position providing for positioning both of said arms and plungers to effect equalization of fluid pressures on the opposite sides of said piston and being operable upon movement from neutral position in one direction to eiect movement of said plungers in opposite directions to provide a differential in pressures on said piston for moving same in one direction, said operating member being operable upon movement from neutral position in the opposite direction to eect reverse and opposite movement of said plungers for providing a reverse differential on said piston for urging sarne in the opposite direction, an equalizing lever having intermediate its ends an operating connection with said operating member, means-connected to one end of said equalizing member for-actuating same to move said operating member out of neutral position and means connecting said piston rod to the opposite end of said equalizing lever and operable by said piston to move said operating member to its neutral position with the opposite end of said equalizing lever Iixed against movement.

6. In combination, a power cylinder having a piston bore, pressure heads closing opposite ends of said bore, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said bore, a piston rod having one end secured to said piston and extending through one of said pressure heads to the exterior'of said cylinder,

20 valve means in said one pressure head for oontrolling pressure of fluid acting on opposite sides of said piston and comprising an operating member having a neutral position providing for equalization of uid pressures on the opposite sides of said piston andbeing operable upon movement from neutralposition in one direction to provide a diierential in pressures on said piston for moving same in one direction, said operating member being operable upon movement from neutral position in the opposite direction to provide a reverse differential in pressures on said piston for urging same in the opposite direction, a ilexible diaphragm clamped around its periphery to the other pressure head having at one side a pressure chamber, a spring housing secured to one side of said power cylinder, spring means confined within said housing, a diaphragm lever having a fixed fulcrum and having one arm connected to said diaphragm and another arm connected to said spring means, said diaphragm being delectable upon supply of fluid under pressure to said pressure chamber to rock said diaphragm lever against the opposing force of said spring means to a position defined by the pressure of fluid in said pressure chamber, an equalizing lever connected intermediate its ends to said operating member and having one end connected to said diaphragm lever, means connecting said piston rod to the opposite end of said equalizing lever, deiiection of said diaphragm being operative to actuate said equalizing lever to rock said operating member out of neutral position and said piston being operative upon movement relative to said diaphragm to actuate said equalizing lever to return said operating member to said neutral position.

ARTHUR G. LARSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record inthe le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,157,820 Storer Oct. 26, 1915 1,230,049 Stafford June 12, 1917 1,231,257 Herr June 26, 1917 1,452,204 Luetscher Apr. 17, 1923 1,480,940 Lang Jan. 15, 1924 1,855,386 Doolittle Apr. 26, 1932 2,102,504 Beardsley Dec. 14, 1937 2,120,010 Thaler June 7,Y 1938 l 2,125,949 OConnor Aug. 9, 1938 2,209,418 Overbeke July 30, 1940 2,273,171 Bennett Feb. 17, 1942 2,296,563 Moller Sept. 22, 1942 2,299,430 Sexton Oct. 20, 1942 2,304,472 Olsson Dec. 8, 1942 2,344,768 Dodson Mar. 21, 1944 

